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Fast facts about caffeine
- Caffeine is a stimulant that occurs naturally in some foods.
- The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends a maximum intake of 400 mg a day, or two to three cups of coffee.
- A moderate intake of coffee may enhance weight loss, cognitive function, and alertness.
- Caffeine may have a negative impact on pregnancy, fertility, glucose control, and other aspects of health.
- Energy drinks can contain high levels of caffeine but are unlikely to be hazardous unless consumed with alcohol.
- Caffeine powder can lead to a fatal overdose and should be avoided.
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) consider caffeine to be both a drug and a food additive. They recommend a maximum intake of 400 mg a day.
In prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) medicines, caffeine is used to treat tiredness and drowsiness, and to improve the effect of some pain relievers.
Foods containing caffeine can help restore mental alertness.
Caffeine’s use as an alertness aid should only be occasional. It is not intended to replace sleep and should not regularly be used for this purpose.
Caffeine occurs naturally in the leaves, seeds, or fruit of more than 60 plant species, including:
- coffee beans
- tea leaves and buds
- dola nuts
- cacao beans
- guarana seeds
- yerba mate leaf
Caffeine in plants acts as a natural pesticide. It paralyzes and kills insects that attempt to feed on them.
Understanding Caffeine Side Effects
Elizabeth Hartney, BSc, MSc, MA, PhD is a psychologist, professor, and Director of the Centre for Health Leadership and Research at Royal Roads University, Canada.
Verywell Mind articles are reviewed by board-certified physicians and mental healthcare professionals. Medical Reviewers confirm the content is thorough and accurate, reflecting the latest evidence-based research. Content is reviewed before publication and upon substantial updates. Learn more.
John C. Umhau, MD, MPH, CPE is board-certified in addiction medicine and preventative medicine. He is the medical director at Alcohol Recovery Medicine. For over 20 years Dr. Umhau was a senior clinical investigator at the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
Caffeine is so common in American society you can easily forget that it is an addictive substance. People consume caffeine not only in coffee but also in tea, chocolate, and energy drinks. The latter may have much more caffeine than coffee.
While it may have some benefits, it is important to remember that you may also experience some troublesome caffeine side effects. If you experience some of these symptoms, it might be a sign that you are consuming too much caffeine.
At a Glance
Caffeine can have mental health benefits, such as improving alertness, memory, mood, and even longevity. However, caffeine can also have side effects, particularly if you consume it in high doses. Let's take a closer look at some of the common negative effects of caffeine, the potential benefits, and what you can do to help manage or reduce your caffeine intake.
Does caffeine sober you up?
People who have drunk too much alcohol often turn to coffee or an energy drink to sober them up.
However, caffeine does not sober a person up or make them fit to drive. It may make them more alert, but it does not reverse the poor judgment and other effects associated with alcohol.
In fact, it could be more dangerous because, without the drowsiness, a person is more likely to believe they are sober, which could lead to hazardous activities such as driving home or consuming more alcohol.
Share on Pinterest The caffeine and sugar content in energy drinks could be detrimental to health.There is some controversy around energy drinks. They have been banned from a number of student campuses, because of reports of health problems and even fatalities.
The amount of caffeine in an energy drink depends on the brand and type.
While one 16-ounce Americano coffee can contain 225 mg of caffeine, the caffeine content of a 16-ounce can of energy drink until recently ranged from 160 mg to 357 mg.
Producers of the drink that contained 357 mg of caffeine have now lowered their caffeine content to 300 mg. It carries a health warning that it should not be consumed by children, those with heart problems, or those who may have an intolerance to caffeine.
Energy drinks contain not only caffeine but other plant-based stimulants, simple sugars or artificial sweeteners, and additives. A 16-ounce serving of one well-known energy drink would contain around 50 g , or 1.75 ounces, or 5 teaspoons of sugar.
These high concentrations of caffeine and sugar could have a negative impact on the body.