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What are the Different Types of PAT Testers?
PAT testing equipment has various levels of functionality. Basic PASS/FAIL kits are very easy to use and relatively inexpensive. They are the preferred choice for a range of businesses, clearly indicating whether an item of electrical equipment has passed or failed. Mains-powered testers require connection to an electrical supply. However, the self-contained battery versions are ideal for large workplaces due to their portability and ease of use. They commonly feature basic light systems that indicate whether electrical items have passed or failed the test.
Basic PAT testing equipment also allows for the establishment of:
- Earth continuity
- Insulation resistance
- Polarity
Basic PAT testers don't display the complete set of electrical test results, and neither do they allow for test configuration or data storage. However, they are often the best choice for obtaining electrical test results quickly and easily.
Advanced PAT testing kits offer the following types of functionality:
- Portable RCD lead testing
- Adjustable PASS test limits
- Substitute and mains powered leakage testing
- Fuse testing
- Lead polarity testing
While a 500V insulation test voltage is typical and suitable for a number of appliances, many PAT testers now include the option of a 250V insulation resistance test. This is essential for testing sensitive and surge-protected equipment, such as IT hardware.
Advanced PAT testing kits are suitable for users with a high level of technical knowledge and expertise. These advanced systems are particularly well suited to facilities management, as they allow for the recording of the location and test status of equipment and appliances. Some of these systems can also transfer the test results to computers for digital interpretation. Test records can be maintained with PAT software.
What needs to be PAT tested?
PAT testing should be carried out on any electrical appliance that can cause harm, either by electrical shock or fire. This includes portable appliances, such as kettles, toasters, hairdryers, and larger appliances, like fridges, ovens, and washing machines.
Other portable electrical appliances requiring testing include power tools, extension leads, and computer equipment.
It's important to note that not all appliances need to be tested at the same frequency. The testing interval will depend on various factors, such as the type of appliance, its usage, and the environment it's used in.
What is a PAT Test?
Defined as Portable Appliance Testing (PAT), it is a routine inspection or examination of various types of electrical equipment and appliances to determine if they are safe to use: this is to prevent accidents or harm to humans, animals and property in the workplace.
Though many defects of electrical equipment can be visually determined, PAT testing also involves a cable inspection using specialist PAT testing tools. The full PAT test is simple to break down:
- Visual inspection of the electrical appliance
- Cable inspection – using PAT testing equipment
The cable inspection portion of a PAT test will include checks and confirmations of the earthing continuity, lead polarity and the integrity of the insulation resistance.
The definition of PAT can be somewhat misleading, however, particularly the word “portable”: appliances that fall under PAT can be any appliance that has a plug attached to connect it to a wall outlet.
There are three distinct classes of electrical appliances: Class 1, Class 2 and Class 3. Class 1 devices are the most dangerous and require a full PAT test.
How Regular should you carry out portable appliance testing?
Your PAT tests should be no more than four years apart, but this truly depends on three main elements that you need to consider, what class of electrical appliance, category and the risk level of the electrical equipment.
Also, it is worth noting that the health and safety executive considers the age of the equipment, manufacturers recommendations, how much it is used if the equipment is commonly abused. Some items will need a formal visual inspection every three months with a portable appliance testing every six months. That is why it is not a straight answer, to how often because of this it is worth speaking to a professional to ask if any equipment needs an inspection and testing.
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