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Vita C Infusion Mikrodermabrazja - Twoje Klucze do Promiennej Skóry
Intravenous High-Dose Vitamin C in Cancer Therapy
Lewis Cantley received his Ph.D. from Cornell University and did his post-doctoral work at Harvard University. He was formerly a professor in the Departments of Systems Biology and Medicine at Harvard Medical School in Boston. He is current the Meyer Director and Professor of Cancer Biology at the Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medicine in New York City. Jihye Yun received her Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine under the mentorship of Bert Vogelstein and did her post-doctoral work with Lewis Cantley at Weill Cornell Medicine. She is currently an Assistant Professor and a CPRIT scholar at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston.
The discovery and isolation of vitamin C was one of the most important advances in improving human nutrition. Scurvy, a severe vitamin C deficiency disease characterized by weakness, lethargy, easy bruising and bleeding, was particularly problematic for sailors on long voyages during the 16th century, where access to fresh fruits and vegetables was limited. In fact, scurvy was the leading cause of naval deaths between the 16th and 18th centuries, killing more sailors than all battles, storms and other diseases combined. It wasn’t until 1747 that Scottish naval physician James Lind demonstrated that consuming oranges and lemons cured and prevented scurvy. However, it took scientists nearly two more centuries to identify the nature of the curative substance contained in citrus fruits, now commonly known as vitamin C. The search for this elusive substance ended in 1932 when Albert Szent-Gyorgyi, a Hungarian biochemist, isolated and identified a 6-carbon carbohydrate, hexuronic acid, as the anti-scurvy factor. Shortly thereafter, Szent-Gyorgyi renamed it “a-scorbic acid”, a reference to its anti-scorbutic properties, and later went on to receive the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1937 for his discoveries.
Rekindling vitamin C cancer therapy: oral vs intravenous administration
Based on studies pioneered by Mark Levine’s group at the NIH in the 2000s, the oral vitamin C doses used in the Mayo Clinic studies would have produced peak plasma concentration of less than 200 μM. In contrast, the same dose given intravenously, as used in the Pauling studies, would produce peak plasma concentrations of nearly 6 mM, more than 25 times higher. When given orally, vitamin C concentration in human plasma is tightly controlled by multiple mechanisms acting together: intestinal absorption, tissue accumulation, renal reabsorption and excretion, and potentially even the rate of utilization. However, when ascorbate is administered intravenously or intraperitoneally the tight controls are bypassed, and pharmacologic millimolar plasma concentrations of vitamin C can easily be achieved. For example, a phase I clinical study revealed that ascorbate concentrations could safely reach 25-30 mM with intravenous infusion of 100 g of vitamin C. In this study, plasma concentrations around 10 mM were sustained for at least 4 hours which, based on preclinical studies, is sufficient to kill cancer cells. Given the fact that cancer patients were only treated with vitamin C orally in the Mayo Clinic studies, the studies do not disprove high dose vitamin C’s efficacy as a cancer treatment.
More than half of colorectal cancers (CRCs) harbor activating mutations in KRAS or BRAF, yet those cancers are the most refractory to current targeted therapies. Our group and others showed that oncogenic mutations in KRAS or BRAF contribute to the Warburg effect and the addiction to glucose in part by upregulating a glucose transporter, GLUT1, that allows cancer cells to take up glucose efficiently. These data suggest a strategy for targeting KRAS or BRAF mutant cancer by exploiting the selective expression of GLUT1 and the metabolic liability that comes with increased reliance on glycolysis. Indeed, by targeting these unique features in these cancer cells, we recently showed that high dose vitamin C could selectively kill KRAS or BRAF mutant CRC cells.
Concluding Remarks
Vitamin C as a cancer therapy has had a controversial past. What has been intriguing are small clinical trials that suggest some responses, but with no clear rationale for why cancers should respond to vitamin C or a path forward for explaining which patients are most likely to respond. Now a growing number of preclinical studies are showing how high-dose vitamin C might benefit cancer patients. Importantly, these preclinical studies provide a clear rationale and potential biomarkers that may help personalize the therapeutic approach and identify patient populations that are likely to respond to high-dose vitamin C therapy. Since the mechanisms of action of vitamin C are becoming better defined, we can propose vitamin C combinations in a more rational, hypothesis-driven manner. In addition, given the current high financial cost of new cancer drugs, it seems rational to improve the effectiveness of current therapies by studying their clinical interactions with vitamin C. In our view, the implementation of this treatment paradigm could provide benefit to many cancer patients.
This work was supported by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant (R35 CA197588), Stand Up to Cancer–American Association for Cancer Research grant (SU2C-AACR-DT22-17), and the Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation. Lewis Cantley is a founder and member of the senior advisory boards of Agios Pharmaceuticals and Petra Pharmaceuticals, which are developing novel therapies for cancer. The Cantley laboratory also receives financial support from Petra Pharmaceuticals.
Taking RAS Research to Space
Discussion
Vitamin C has been extensively applied in the treatment of viral infections, with studies revealing that patients with pneumonia and sepsis have low levels of vitamin C and elevated oxidative stress. [13] Owing to the direct inhibitory effect thereof on pathogens, there is sufficient evidence to suggest that vitamin C is effective in the treatment of pneumonia and infection. [14] Further, vitamin C has been shown to reduce the severity and duration of pneumonia, [15] while meta-analysis of 12 trials in 1766 patients calculated that vitamin C reduced ICU stay by an average of 8%. [16] Another meta-analysis found that vitamin C reduced the duration of mechanical ventilation in ICU patients. [17] Novel coronavirus pneumonia is a new respiratory disease caused by COVID-19, and is severely infectious. [18] Thus, vitamin C novel coronavirus pneumonia can also be applied to the treatment of patients.
Vitamin C can improve the resistance of white blood cells to viruses, has an antioxidant effect, and can induce interferon production in vivo. [4,19] In viral infections, vitamin C can attenuate pro-inflammatory response, enhance epithelial barrier function, increase alveolar fluid clearance rate, and prevent sepsis related coagulation abnormalities. [20] The implementation of high-dose vitamin C treatment can significantly reduce the demand for high-dose corticosteroids, antibiotics, and antiviral drugs, as these drugs may have the effects of immunosuppression, adrenal suppression and toxicity, complicating the course of the disease. [21] Combined with traditional Chinese medicine, Yali used a large dose of vitamin C (20 g/60 kg per day) to treat COVID-19. [22] As a result of Yali treatment, the symptoms of fatigue, cough, dry throat, and shortness of breath were significantly improved, and no adverse events occurred. [22] Zhang used a large dose of vitamin C (24 g/day) at the rate of 12 mL/h to treat patients with COVID-19, [23] with the results revealing that the PaO2/FiO2 of patients increased steadily, and the 28 day mortality of patients decreased significantly. [23] Therefore, high-dose vitamin C infusion may be a significantly effective therapeutic agent in COVID-19 treatment.
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25 marca 2023, o 19:48
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Pięknie pachnie.
Kosmetyk pachnie cytrusowo, dosyć intensywnie. Kosmetyk jest żółtawy. Na skórze czuć drobinki, które masują moją skórę. Zauważyłam lekkie rozjaśnienie mojej skóry. Peeling stosuję regularnie eaz q tygodniu. Nie czuję podrażnienia ani uczulenia. Nie należy mocno masować skóry twarzy ponieważ może zaistnieć zaczerwienienie.
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6 lutego 2021, o 11:11
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Bardzo fajny
Kupiłam ten peeling z przypadku i pozytywnie mnie zaskoczył.
Opakowanie proste, wygodne w użyciu.
Zapach delikatny, przyjemny.
Nie spowodował u mnie uczulenia ani wysuszenia.
Skóra po użyciu jest zdecydowanie wygładzona, czuć że została wypeelingowana. Nie jest pozdzierana. Konsystencja lekkiego kremu z malutkimi drobinkami ledwo wyczuwalnymi pod palcami, nie spodziewałam się że tak fajnie zadziała.
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