Vita C Infusion Mikrodermabrazja - Twoje Klucze do Promiennej Skóry

What Drugs Interact with High-Dose Vitamin C?

A drug interaction is a change in the way a drug acts in the body when taken with certain other drugs. High-dose vitamin C, when combined with some anticancer drugs, may cause them to be less effective. So far, these effects have been seen only in some laboratory and animal studies. No clinical trials have been done to further research these drug interactions in humans.

Laboratory studies and animal studies have been done to find out if high-dose vitamin C may be useful in preventing or treating cancer.

Laboratory studies

Many laboratory studies have been done to find out how high-dose vitamin C may cause the death of cancer cells. The anticancer effect of vitamin C in different types of cancer cells involves a chemical reaction that makes hydrogen peroxide, which may kill cancer cells.

Laboratory studies have shown the following:

• Treatment with high-dose vitamin C slowed the growth and spread of prostate, pancreatic, liver, colon, malignant mesothelioma, neuroblastoma, and other types of cancer cells.
• Combining high-dose vitamin C with certain types of chemotherapy may be more effective than chemotherapy alone:
  • Ascorbic acid with arsenic trioxide may be more effective in ovarian cancer cells.
  • Ascorbic acid with gemcitabine may be more effective in pancreatic cancer cells.
  • Ascorbic acid with gemcitabine and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) may be more effective in malignant mesothelioma cells.

  However, not all laboratory studies combining vitamin C with anticancer therapies have shown benefit. Combining dehydroascorbic acid, a particular form of vitamin C, with chemotherapy made it less effective in killing some kinds of cancer cells.

  Animal studies

  Studies of high-dose vitamin C have been done in animal models (animals given a disease either the same as or like a disease in humans).

  Introduction

  The outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) began in December 2019, and remains a prevalent threat around the world. COVID-19 is highly infectious and has high mortality, especially in patients with underlying health issues (such as diabetes). [1] At present, there is no specific drug for the treatment of COVID-19, and many potential therapeutic drugs have been included in the scope of clinical trials. Several institutions have focused on verifying the therapeutic effect of vitamin C on COVID-19. [2,3]

  2.1. Study registration

  The present study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis Protocols statement guidelines, [9] and has been registered with PROSPERO under the registration number: CRD42021246342.

  2.2. Selection criteria

  2.2.1. Type of studies

  The present study is a randomized controlled trial of high-dose vitamin C infusion in the treatment of COVID-19.

  2.2.2. Types of patients

  Patients with a mini-mental state examination score > 21,

  2.2.3. Types of interventions and comparisons

  Treatment group: high dose vitamin C intravenous infusion, daily total amount ≥10 g. Control group: the placebo group received bacteriostatic water for injection in the same way, or a small dose of vitamin C, daily total amount ≤2 g.

  2.2.4. Types of outcomes

  Invasive mechanical ventilation-free days in 28 days,

  2.3. Exclusion criteria

  Articles without full-text access or articles that cannot extract data,

  Reviews, systematic reviews, abstracts, conferences, dissertations, animal experiments, and other literature.

  2.4. Search strategy

  The electronic databases searched include PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure database, Chinese Wanfang database and Chinese Biomedical Literature database. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to March 2021. Taking PubMed as an example, the retrieval strategy is shown in Table ​ Table1 1 .

  

  Rekindling vitamin C cancer therapy: oral vs intravenous administration

  Based on studies pioneered by Mark Levine’s group at the NIH in the 2000s, the oral vitamin C doses used in the Mayo Clinic studies would have produced peak plasma concentration of less than 200 μM. In contrast, the same dose given intravenously, as used in the Pauling studies, would produce peak plasma concentrations of nearly 6 mM, more than 25 times higher. When given orally, vitamin C concentration in human plasma is tightly controlled by multiple mechanisms acting together: intestinal absorption, tissue accumulation, renal reabsorption and excretion, and potentially even the rate of utilization. However, when ascorbate is administered intravenously or intraperitoneally the tight controls are bypassed, and pharmacologic millimolar plasma concentrations of vitamin C can easily be achieved. For example, a phase I clinical study revealed that ascorbate concentrations could safely reach 25-30 mM with intravenous infusion of 100 g of vitamin C. In this study, plasma concentrations around 10 mM were sustained for at least 4 hours which, based on preclinical studies, is sufficient to kill cancer cells. Given the fact that cancer patients were only treated with vitamin C orally in the Mayo Clinic studies, the studies do not disprove high dose vitamin C’s efficacy as a cancer treatment.

  More than half of colorectal cancers (CRCs) harbor activating mutations in KRAS or BRAF, yet those cancers are the most refractory to current targeted therapies. Our group and others showed that oncogenic mutations in KRAS or BRAF contribute to the Warburg effect and the addiction to glucose in part by upregulating a glucose transporter, GLUT1, that allows cancer cells to take up glucose efficiently. These data suggest a strategy for targeting KRAS or BRAF mutant cancer by exploiting the selective expression of GLUT1 and the metabolic liability that comes with increased reliance on glycolysis. Indeed, by targeting these unique features in these cancer cells, we recently showed that high dose vitamin C could selectively kill KRAS or BRAF mutant CRC cells.

  What Research Has Shown the Benefits of High-Dose Vitmain C?

  Have any clinical trials (research studies with people) of high-dose intravenous (IV) vitamin C been conducted?

  Several studies of high-dose vitamin C in patients with cancer have been done in recent years, including the following:

  Studies of vitamin C alone

  • Intravenous (IV) vitamin C was studied in p atients with breast cancer who were treated with adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy. The study found that patients who received IV vitamin C had better quality of life and fewer side effects than those who did not.
  • A study of IV vitamin C and high doses of vitamin C taken by mouth was done in patients with cancer that could not be cured. Vitamin C was shown to be a safe and effective therapy to improve quality of life in these patients, including physical, mental, and emotional functions, symptoms of fatigue, nausea and vomiting, pain, and appetite loss.
  • Vitamin C has been shown to be safe when given to healthy volunteers and cancer patients at doses up to 1.5 g/kg, while screening out patients with certain risk factors who should avoid vitamin C. Studies have also shown that Vitamin C levels in the blood are higher when taken by IV than when taken by mouth, and last for more than 4 hours.

  Studies of vitamin C combined with other drugs

  Studies of vitamin C combined with other drugs have shown mixed results:

  • In a small study of 14 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer, IV vitamin C was given along with chemotherapy and treatment with a targeted therapy. Patients had very few bad side effects from the vitamin C treatment. The nine patients who completed the treatment had stable disease as shown by imaging studies.
  • In another small study of 9 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer, patients were given chemotherapy in treatment cycles of once per week for 3 weeks along with IV vitamin C twice per week for 4 weeks. These patients had disease that did not progress for a period of months. The combined treatment was well tolerated and no serious side effects were reported.
  • In a 2014 study of 27 patients with advanced ovarian cancer, treatment with chemotherapy alone was compared to chemotherapy along with IV vitamin C. Patients who received IV vitamin C along with chemotherapy had fewer serious side effects from the chemotherapy.
  • Patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer or metastatic melanoma treated with IV vitamin C combined with other drugs had serious side effects, the disease got worse, and there was no anticancer effect. These studies were not controlled with a comparison group so it is unclear how much the IV vitamin C contributed to the side effects.
  

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