Egzema a słońce - Jak promienie UV wpływają na skórę?

How Eczema Is Diagnosed

A healthcare provider can usually diagnose eczema based on symptoms, an exam, and
family and health history. A patch test for allergies or skin biopsy might also need to be performed.

Since there is no cure for eczema, treatments focus on managing symptoms and triggers, and reducing flare-ups.

Medication

Medications to treat skin itching and inflammation, keep skin moist, and prevent infection are sometimes used to treat eczema. They can include:

• Barrier repair creams
• Steroid creams
• Oral steroids
• Oral antibiotics
• Antihistamines
• Oral cyclosporine (for eczema that doesn’t respond to other treatments)
  

Specialized light therapy (phototherapy) is considered a safe treatment for eczema and can be used in adults or children. The treatment uses special light bulbs or a laser two to three times a week. It is usually done in a healthcare provider’s office, although some patients can use at-home devices.

Lifestyle Changes

To manage eczema, it’s important to work with a healthcare provider to identify possible triggers, and work on limiting exposure to them. Adopting a skin care routine that includes bathing, using moisturizer, and being gentle with the skin is also important.

You can also manage itchy skin and other symptoms by using home remedies, including:

• Using skin cleansers with low pH
• Applying cold compresses
• Taking an oatmeal or apple cider vinegar bath

Prevention Tips

There is no way to prevent eczema, but you can work to avoid flare-ups by:

• Sticking to a skin care routine
• Working with a healthcare provider to develop customized treatments
• Eating an anti-inflammatory diet
• Finding ways to decrease stress

Kas sukelia egzemą?

Medicinoje vis dar nėra tikslaus ir vienareikšmio atsakymo į klausimą — kas sukelia egzemą? Tačiau vyrauja nuomonė, kad egzemos negali sukelti pavienis konkretus veiksnys. Veikiau liga atsiranda dėl kombinacijos veiksnių, netgi iš pažiūros tarpusavyje nesusijusių.

Manoma, kad pagrindinis ligos kaltininkas — išsekusi organizmo imuninė sistema, leidžianti organizme įsiveisti uždegimams ir infekcijoms. Taip pat nemažai įtakos turi ir nervinės sistemos susilpnėjimas dėl nuolatinio streso ir įtampos.

Egzemos priežastys gali skirtis priklausomai nuo jos tipo. Tačiau bendrai galima išskirti keletą veiksnių, kurie prisideda prie egzemos atsiradimo:

• Genetiniai ypatumai. Žmonės, sergantys egzema dažnai paveldi polinkį į įvairias alergijas ir silpną odos barjerą.
• Organizmo imuninės sistemos sutrikimas ar susilpnėjimas. Žmonių su atopiniu dermatitu imuninė sistema pernelyg stipriai reaguoja į nekenksmingus alergenus, bando kovoti su įvairiais išorės dirgikliais ir taip sukelia uždegiminę reakciją odoje.
• Išoriniai dirgikliai. Kontaktinė egzema dažniausiai atsiranda, kai oda reaguoja į tam tikras medžiagas (kosmetiką, tam tikrus audinius ar chemines medžiagas). Kontaktas su šiomis medžiagomis gali sukelti odos sudirginimą ar alerginę reakciją.
• Imuninės sistemos sutrikimas. Nusilpusi imuninė sistema leidžia organizme vystytis uždegimams ir infekcijoms.
• Stresas. Stresas gali paveikti imuninę sistemą ir padidinti uždegimą organizme, taip pat gali skatinti niežėjimą.
• Hormonų pokyčiai. Hormonų pokyčiai, pvz., nėštumo arba menopauzės laikotarpiu, gali turėti įtakos odos būklei ir egzemos pasireiškimui.
• Infekcijos. Įvairios infekcijos, pvz., bakterinės arba grybelinės, gali pažeisti odos barjerą ir sukelti egzemos paūmėjimą.
Eczema in Babies and Children

Eczema in young children is common and almost always due to a family history of eczema or allergies. Up to 1 out of every 4 children is affected by eczema, and 60% of people with eczema develop it by the time they are 12 months old.

When eczema occurs in babies, it is usually due to something irritating their sensitive skin, such as cleansers or soaps, lotions, or home products. Dry air, cold, or food allergies can also trigger eczema in babies.


There is no cure for eczema in children, but it can usually be controlled through treatments such as moisturizers, prescription medications, and managing triggers.


Is Eczema Contagious?

Eczema is not contagious and cannot be caught or spread from one person to another.

What Are Lymph Nodes?

Lymph nodes are small, rounded organs that resemble the shape of a sprouted kidney bean. In the body, there are numerous lymph nodes. In fact, adults can have up to 600 lymph nodes. Common areas where people can feel their lymph nodes are behind the ears and in the neck, armpits, and groin. Lymph nodes are responsible for:

• Recycling and carrying fluid to the body’s cells and tissues
• Serving as a filter to trap substances
• Fighting infections and illnesses

The medical term for swollen lymph nodes is lymphadenopathy. Lymph nodes can feel soft, rubbery, tender, and sometimes painful if swollen. Some known causes of swollen lymph nodes include:

• Infections
• Medications
• Autoimmune diseases
• Cancers

In addition, there are two types of lymphadenopathy — local and generalized. Upper respiratory infections may cause local lymphadenopathy, or swelling of nearby lymph nodes because they are near to the infection. Examples of infections that cause local lymph nodes to swell are colds, sinus infections, and strep throat. Autoimmune diseases and cancers are considered generalized lymphadenopathies and may cause swelling of lymph nodes throughout the body due to their widespread effects, which means they have an impact on many different areas and systems in the body.



---

egzema slonce