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Nutrition
Hemp is consumable in many different forms, including the following:
- Leaves
- Sprouts
- Flowers
- Seeds
- Oil
- Protein
- Flour
Leaves, sprouts, and flowers can be eaten raw in salads or blended into juices.
Hemp seed oil has a nutty taste and can be used for cooking instead of olive oil. Using low heat if you're cooking with hemp oil is recommended to retain the fatty acids. Hemp oil is also used in skin care products to protect against sun exposure.
Hemp protein is a good choice for vegetarians or vegans because it contains essential fatty acids and all nine essential amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks of protein. Hemp protein is especially rich in arginine, an amino acid that may benefit the heart.
- Protein: 3 grams
- Fat: 5 grams
- Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs): 3.8 grams
- Phosphorus: 165 milligrams
- Potassium: 120 milligrams
- Magnesium: 70 milligrams
- Calcium: 7 milligrams
- Zinc: 1 milligrams
- Iron: almost 1 milligrams
Hemp seeds are good sources of vitamins, too. Fifty milligrams of the seeds contain more than the recommended daily amount of vitamins A, D, and E.
Uses of Hemp
A healthcare professional, such as a registered dietitian (RD) or registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN), a pharmacist, or a healthcare provider, should individualize and vet supplement use. No supplement's intended purpose is to treat, cure, or prevent disease.
Hemp seed is legal in the United States, and people use hemp as a remedy for many purposes. However, there isn't enough clinical research data to back up claims that hemp is a safe or effective treatment for any condition.
Limited evidence suggests hemp may benefit the heart, skin, and digestive tract.
Heart Protection
So far, hemp's proposed effects on the heart are primarily theoretical.
Animal studies have suggested that hemp seed oil may reduce the risk of stroke and heart attack. This hasn't been proved in human studies, though.
Hemp seeds also contain arginine, an amino acid that may offer benefits for blood pressure to help protect the heart. However, more research on this is necessary.
One clinical trial showed that hemp seed plus physical activity improved the lipid profile of young sedentary (non-active) males, which might benefit the heart. Another study in healthy adults who were overweight showed that hemp oil increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL, or "good") cholesterol.
Skin Disorders
Hemp oil is often used as a hair conditioner or skin moisturizer.
Some studies found that hemp seed oil may improve dry, itchy skin and symptoms of eczema, a common skin condition. It may reduce the need for prescription medication when used for eczema symptoms. However, more research is needed.
Constipation
Because of its high fiber content, hemp has traditionally been used as an antidote to constipation. There's little evidence of this benefit, however.
A review of clinical trials concluded that hemp is effective in treating functional constipation but noted that more data is necessary because all of the included studies were conducted in Asian populations.
Summary
Hemp seeds are a good source of protein and fiber. They may also offer other health benefits, though there isn't enough clinical research to say for sure. Because hemp may interact with some drugs and cause specific side effects, it's a good idea to consult your doctor before adding hemp seed to your diet.
Frequently Asked Questions
Hemp has traditionally been used as a raw material for making paper, clothes, and food. It is a good source of heart-healthy fatty acids and protein.
Hemp seed oil is different from CBD oil. CBD oil is extracted from the Cannabis plant and then combined with a base oil, such as coconut or olive oil. Hemp seed oil comes from hemp seeds only, not hemp leaves or buds. Hemp seed oil does not contain any psychoactive properties. You cannot use it to get "high."
Store hemp in a cool, dark place for maximum potency. Heat and light can degrade it.Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.
- Cerino P, Buonerba C, Cannazza G, et al. A review of hemp as food and nutritional supplement. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res. 2021,6(1):19-27. doi:10.1089/can.2020.0001
- Vonapartis E, Aubin MP, Seguin P, et al. Seed composition of ten industrial hemp cultivars approved for production in Canada. J Food Compost Anal. 2015,39:8-12. doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2014.11.004
- Breijyeh Z, Jubeh B, Bufo SA, et al. Cannabis: a toxin-producing plant with potential therapeutic uses. Toxins (Basel). 2021,13(2):117. doi:10.3390/toxins13020117
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CBD: What you need to know.
- Balachandran P, Elsohly M, Hill KP. Cannabidiol interactions with medications, illicit substances, and alcohol: a comprehensive review. J Gen Intern Med. 2021,36(7):2074-2084. doi:10.1007/s11606-020-06504-8
- Beran M, Drahorad J, Vltavsky O, et al. Pilot-scale production and application of microparticulated plant proteins. J Nutr Food Sci. 2018,8:1. doi: 10.4172/2155-9600.1000655
- FoodData Central. Seeds, hemp seed, hulled.
- Girgih AT, Alashi A, He R, et al. Preventive and treatment effects of a hemp seed (Cannabis sativa L.) meal protein hydrolysate against high blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Eur J Nutr. 2014,53(5):1237-1246. doi:10.1007/s00394-013-0625-4
- Samsamikor M, Mackay D, Mollard RC, et al. A double-blind, randomized, crossover trial protocol of whole hemp seed protein and hemp seed protein hydrolysate consumption for hypertension. Trials. 2020,21(1):354. doi:10.1186/s13063-020-4164-z
- Mohammadrezaei A, Kavakeb A, Abbasalizad-Farhangi M, et al. Effects of hemp seed alone and combined with aerobic exercise on metabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and neurotrophic factors in young sedentary men. J Food Biochem. 2022,46(12):e14417. doi:10.1111/jfbc.14417
- Lopez HL, Cesareo KR, Raub B, et al. Effects of hemp extract on markers of wellness, stress resilience, recovery and clinical biomarkers of safety in overweight, but otherwise healthy subjects. J Diet Suppl. 2020,17(5):561-586. doi:10.1080/19390211.2020.1765941
- Farinon B, Molinari R, Costantini L, Merendino N. The seed of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.): nutritional quality and potential functionality for human health and nutrition. Nutrients. 2020,12(7):1935. doi:10.3390/nu12071935
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- Del Bo' C, Deon V, Abello F, et al. Eight-week hempseed oil intervention improves the fatty acid composition of erythrocyte phospholipids and the omega-3 index, but does not affect the lipid profile in children and adolescents with primary hyperlipidemia. Food Res Int. 2019,119:469-476. doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2018.12.045
- Mollard RC, Johnston A, Serrano Leon A, et al. Acute effects of hemp protein consumption on glycemic and satiety control: results of 2 randomized crossover trials. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2021,46(8):887-896. doi:10.1139/apnm-2020-0907
- Zhang J, Griffin J, Li Y, et al. Antioxidant properties of hemp proteins: from functional food to phytotherapy and beyond. Molecules. 2022,27(22):7924. doi:10.3390/molecules27227924
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Interactions
Hemp can interact with medications such as the following:
- Other cannabis-derived products. Because hemp contains CBD, it may increase the risk of side effects of marijuana, non-prescription CBD products, or the prescription Epidiolex.
- Seizure medications. CBD can interact with epilepsy medicines like Onfi (clobazam), Banzel (rufinamide), Topamax (topiramate), and Zonegran (zonisamide). Taking hemp with these medications could increase the risk of side effects or reduce seizure control.
- Blood thinners. CBD can interact with Jantoven (warfarin). If you're taking warfarin, you may need extra monitoring if you supplement with hemp.
- Pain medications. CBD increases the level of morphine, which can cause side effects like excess sedation and slow breathing rate.
- Anxiety medications. CBD increases the effect of benzodiazepines like Valium (diazepam) and Ativan (lorazepam).
- Antidepressants. CBD can increase the levels of tricyclic antidepressants like Tofranil (imipramine).
Carefully reading a supplement's ingredients list and nutrition facts panel to know which ingredients and how much of each ingredient is included is essential. Please review the supplement label with your healthcare provider to discuss potential interactions with foods, other supplements, and medications.
Side Effects
Like any supplement, hemp may cause side effects. These side effects can be mild or severe and include the following:
- Throat irritation
- Diarrhea
- Nausea and vomiting
- Bradycardia, or slow heart rate
- Hypertension, or high blood pressure
- Fatigue
- Liver abnormalities
In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not regulate supplements the way it regulates prescription drugs. That means some supplement products may not contain what the label says.
