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When to See a Doctor
Since hair loss is complex and can be triggered by a number of factors—stress, changes in your hormones, recent illness, vegetarian or low protein diets, and rapid weight loss —Virginia-based dermatologist Brenda Dintiman, MD, advises that if you’re experiencing serious hair loss, you’d be wise to consult a professional. “A board-certified dermatologist can sort out what’s causing your hair loss and combine topical minoxidil with supplements like vitamin D and dietary recommendations to get your hair glossy, growing, and full again," she says.
If you do choose to use minoxidil, don’t be alarmed if, at first, your hair appears to be falling out faster than usual. “I warn patients that hair shedding initially is normal, as the minoxidil stimulates the resting hairs to cycle into the growing phase,” Fisher explains. “This shedding resolves as the newer, healthier hairs grow in.”
“One myth that surrounds the use of minoxidil is that it eventually worsens hair loss when stopped,” Edhegard explains. “This is not true, what actually occurs is that the hair will return to the point where it would have been, not back to where it was when treatment started, as untreated hair thinning is a progressive problem.”
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- Suchonwanit P, Thammarucha S, Leerunyakul K. Minoxidil and its use in hair disorders: a review. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2019,13:2777-2786. doi:10.2147/DDDT.S214907
- Goren A, Naccarato T, Situm M, Kovacevic M, Lotti T, McCoy J. Mechanism of action of minoxidil in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia is likely mediated by mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate synthase-induced stem cell differentiation. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2017,31(4):1049-1053.
- Cardoso CO, Tolentino S, Gratieri T, Cunha-Filho M, Lopez RFV, Gelfuso GM. Topical treatment for scarring and non-scarring alopecia: an overview of the current evidence. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2021,14:485-499. doi:10.2147/CCID.S284435
- Cleveland Clinic. Minoxidil topical solution or foam.
- Cleveland Clinic. Hair loss in women. Updated February 10, 2021.
What Is Minoxidil?
Minoxidil—the generic name for Rogaine—is a topical treatment that is well-accepted by the dermatological community as an effective treatment for hair growth. “Minoxidil was originally developed in the early 1960s as an oral treatment for high blood pressure, a condition for which it is still, albeit rarely, used,” explains Kim D. Edhegard, MD, a Virginia-based dermatologist. “In one of the early trials for the treatment of blood pressure, the curious side effect of hair growth was noted.” After a few decades of research, the FDA approved topical minoxidil to treat male hair loss (and thus, Rogaine was born), and then later, for female hair loss as well.
Type of ingredient: Topical treatment for hair growth
Main benefits: Encourages growth, strengthens strands, stimulates the hair follicle
Who should use it: In general, anyone who is concerned about hair loss can use minoxidil. It is not recommended for pregnant individuals.
How often can you use it: Apply as directed on the packaging to damp hair. You should see results in two to three months with regular use.
Works well with: Vitamin D
Don’t use with: Over-the-counter hair dye and other potential irritants
Who Can Use Rogaine?
Rogaine is FDA-approved for hair loss in adults. Specific products are designed for males versus females based on the studies conducted to establish the medication’s safety and effectiveness.
Rogaine can be a safe and effective treatment for hair loss, but it isn’t right for everyone. According to the product labeling, you should not use Rogaine if:
- You have no family history of hair loss.
- You have sudden, unexplained, or patchy hair loss.
- You are under the age of 18.
- You have hair loss that occurs in association with giving birth.
- You have skin problems at the intended application site, such as scalp irritation, infection, or pain.
- You apply other medications to your scalp.