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Wyprysk z hiperkeratozą - Objawy, Diagnoza i Leczenie
Toxicokinetics
BCR-ABL inhibitors (mainly nilotinib and dasatinib) are commonly used for ontological target therapy, and the cutaneous side effects are only second to the hematologic sequelae. They are usually transitory and not severe. The most common dermatological side effect is a pruritic skin rash, while chronic dermatological side effects include psoriasis, lichenoid hyperkeratosis, pityriasis, and others.[14][15][16]
Multikinase-inhibitors (VEGF, PDGFR, EGFR, KIT, RET, Flt3, and RAF) affect the skin homeostasis and give rise to many different cutaneous manifestations, mainly with hyperkeratosis in the form of hyperkeratotic hand-foot skin reaction.[14] Hyperkeratosis occurs in the sites of friction or pressure, mainly soles, causing pain and limitation of the daily activities.[17][18]
Pathophysiology
The skin is composed of three layers: the epidermis, the dermis (composed of the superficial papillary and deeper reticular dermis), and the hypodermis. The skin has structural differences among the different areas of the body in terms of epidermal and dermal thickness, distribution of appendages, and pigmentation. The epidermis is composed of multiple layers of maturing keratinocytes: the basal layer (stratum basale), the squamous layer (stratum spinosum), the granular layer (stratum granulosum), and the cornified layer (stratum corneum). This stratified epithelium is in a constant process of self-renewing and exfoliation that takes 20-40 days to complete. The cells in the outer layer are the most differentiated in the keratinocyte line, composed almost entirely of keratin lamels of high molecular weight, and those are the ones that undergo desquamation, completing the maturation cycle.
When the epidermis is exposed to repetitive injury, it usually elicits an increased proliferative rate of the keratinocytes and accelerates their maturation. Keratinocytes also tend to produce more keratin, thus increasing the stratum corneum's thickness.
Genetic mutations resulting in hyperkeratosis is seen in ichthyoses and keratoderma. There are several damages in keratin-encoding genes such as KRT1 and KRT10, which cause defects in keratin structure. Defective keratin causes irregular aggregates of intermediate filaments, which leads to cellular collapse and blistering. The barrier function is then compromised, and the skin reacts with compensatory hyperproliferation, which leads to hyperkeratosis.
Coping
Coping with a skin condition like hyperkeratosis isn’t always easy because of physical and cosmetic symptoms. However, with the proper treatment, you will be able to manage your symptoms and improve the visual appearance of your skin.
"Hyperkeratosis" is a blanket term used to describe various skin conditions. The health conditions associated with hyperkeratosis have different symptoms. However, they one thing in common: the excess production of keratin.
Hyperkeratosis can be hereditary and passed down through families, but it can also develop later in life because of different factors. Some forms of the condition have no known cause.
Hyperkeratosis may take time to diagnose. Work with your healthcare provider to determine the underlying cause of your skin condition. Once that is done, you can begin the proper treatment to manage your skin condition.
Lokalizacje modzeli:
- palce stóp (okolica grzbietowa i podeszwowa oraz boczna)
- pięta
- przodostopie
- boczna krawędź stopy
ODCISK
BRODAWKA WIRUSOWA
Często występują u dzieci
Dr n.med. Danuta Nowicka ”Dermatologia. Ilustrowany podręcznik dla kosmetologów”, Wrocław 2014
HYPERKERATOZY – rodzaje i różnicowanie cz.2
- odciski
- modzele
- nadmierne rogowacenie i zespół pękających pięt
- rogowiec
Zmiany będące reakcją obronną skóry na bodźce zewnętrzne. Powstają na skutek nadmiernego wytwarzania komórek warstwy rogowej naskórka. Powstaje bariera uniemożliwiająca fizjologiczną migrację nowych komórek, a co za tym idzie dochodzi do pozostawania korneocytów w niższych warstwach skóry.
Odciski są wyniosłymi zgrubieniami naskórka o kształcie okrągłym, podłużnym lub nieregularnym. Cechą wyróżniającą odciski jest obecność rdzenia, czyli twardego czopu rogowego, zlokalizowanego najczęściej centralnie.
Trzpień odcisku często sięgając głęboko (nawet do okostnej), drażni zakończenia nerwowe dając uczucie bólu.