Wyprysk z hiperkeratozą - Objawy, Diagnoza i Leczenie

Lokalizacje odcisku:

• palce stóp (okolica grzbietowa stawy międzypaliczkowe, boczna i przyśrodkowa powierzchnia palców w miejscu stykania się skóry Clavus mollis, okolica podeszwowa palca – Clavus appex)
• przodostopie (głowy kości śródstopia)
• wały paznokciowe (clavus sulcus)
• przestrzenie podpaznokciowe (clavus subungualis)

Clavus durus (Cd) – zbudowany jest ze zwartej i twardej masy ułożonej warstwowo (nawet do 200 warstw), zawierający jądro.

Clavus mollis (Cm) – to inaczej odcisk miekki.

Clavus vascularis (Cv) – to odcisk z zawartością drobnych naczyń krwionośnych.

Clavus neurovascularis (Cnv) – odcisk nerwowo – naczyniowy.

Clavus neurofibrosis (Cnf) – odcisk nerwowo – włóknisty.

Clavus papilaris (Cp) – to odcisk brodawkowy. Często się powtarza.

Clavi miliares (Cmil) – odciski mnogie.

ROGOWIEC

Choroba genetyczna cechująca się hyperkeratynizacją skóry i paznokci. Jest to pogrubienie ograniczone do powierzchni dłoniowych i podeszwowych, pojawiające się zwykle z powodu mutacji.

GŁÓWNE OBJAWY ROGOWCA:

• nadmiernie zrogowaciały naskórek
• żółte lub woskowe zabarwienie skóry
• zgrubiałe i przerosłe płytki paznokciowe

Odmiany rogowca

Unna-Thost pojawia się ok. 1-2 roku życia. Zmiany rogowe są symetryczne, występuje nadpotliwość dłoni i stóp.

Keratoma disseminatum pojawia się po 20 roku życia. Charakteryzuje się drobnymi, rozsianymi wykwitami. Z wiekiem może ich przybywać.

Keratoma trnsgrediens et progrediens pojawia się w pierwszych miesiącach życia. Ogniska hyperkeratotyczne występują poza dłońmi i stopami i najczęściej znajduję się na łokciach i kolanach.

Types of Hyperkeratosis

"Hyperkeratosis" is an umbrella term for skin conditions that develop from excess amounts of keratin. There are various types of hyperkeratosis, each marked by its cause.

Hereditary Types of Hyperkeratosis

Some types of hyperkeratosis develop due to a hereditary component. Examples include:

• Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis
• Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis (MMDH)
• Focal acral hyperkeratosis
• Lamellar ichthyosis
• X-linked ichthyosis (XLI)
• Keratosis pilaris, otherwise known as follicular hyperkeratosis

Acquired Hyperkeratosis

Other forms of hyperkeratosis are acquired later in life. It’s not always clear what the cause of each type is. Some acquired hyperkeratosis conditions include:

Acquired vs. Hereditary

Hereditary conditions are passed down through families. Often if a person is related by blood to someone with a genetic disorder, their risk of getting it is a lot higher. Acquired conditions, on the other hand, develop for many reasons unrelated to genetics.

Treatment

Hyperkeratosis is, for the most part, highly manageable through various courses of treatment. The most effective treatment options for the varied types of hyperkeratosis include:

• Keratolytics are designed to break down the outer layer of thick skin.
• Moisturizers help combat dry and rough skin.
• Corticosteroids can reduce inflammation.
• Retinoids are designed to encourage a more regulated level of skin cell growth.

That said, each type will have its own treatments. They can include:

When to Call a Healthcare Provider

Make an appointment with your healthcare provider to discuss symptoms and treatment. Your provider will investigate your condition and advise you on which treatment will work best for you. In some cases, treatment is unnecessary.

A Word From Verywell

A skin condition can be challenging to deal with, especially if it causes painful symptoms. The good news is that dealing with most forms of hyperkeratosis is manageable with the proper treatment. In most cases, this condition is not severe or life-threatening.

The best thing you can do if you have hyperkeratosis is to speak to a dermatologist (a medical doctor specializing in conditions of the skin, hair, and nails) about your condition and any concerns you have. They will be able to determine the next steps to address your condition.

Frequently Asked Questions

The treatment for hyperkeratosis will depend entirely on its type and the underlying cause. Treatment isn't always necessary because some forms of hyperkeratosis are either asymptomatic or present with mild cosmetic symptoms. The most common forms of treatment include keratolytics, moisturizers, emollients, and retinoids.

Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.

1. Jakeman A. The effective management of hyperkeratosis.Wounds Int. 2012,1:65-73.
2. National Human Genome Research Institute. Genetic disorders.
3. Tian Y, Li XX, Zhang JJ, Yun Q, Zhang S, Yu JY, Feng XJ, Xia AT, Kang Y, Huang F, Wan F. Clinical outcomes and 5-year follow-up results of keratosis pilaris treated by a high concentration of glycolic acid.World J Clin Cases. 2021 Jun 26,9(18):4681-4689. doi:10.12998/wjcc.v9.i18.4681
4. Harvard Health Publishing Harvard Medical School. Hyperkeratosis.
5. National Organization for Rare Disorders. Lamellar Ichthyosis.

By Angelica Bottaro
Bottaro has a Bachelor of Science in Psychology and an Advanced Diploma in Journalism. She is based in Canada.

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