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Wyprysk z hiperkeratozą - Objawy, Diagnoza i Leczenie
Histopathology
Psoriasis and psoriasiform dermatitis: It shows perivascular aggregates of lymphocytes in the dermal-epidermal junction with focal migration of leukocytes (neutrophils, lymphocytes) into the epidermis. There is increased epidermal proliferation and elongation of rete ridges giving an undulating appearance to the epidermis (papillomatosis) with or without spongiosis. The altered differentiation of keratinocytes results in hyperkeratosis with parakeratosis. Psoriasis also shows the formation of microabscesses by small aggregates of neutrophils in the upper epidermis (pustules) or in the stratum corneum (Munro microabscesses).
Interface and lichenoid dermatitis: Dense aggregates of lymphocytes along the dermal-epidermal junction associated with vacuolation of basal keratinocytes.[6] There is dyskeratosis, hyperkeratosis, and is sometimes associated with hypergranulosis.
Verrucae vulgaris and plana are characterized by marked hyperkeratosis, papillomatosis, and acanthosis. A typical feature is the presence of koilocytes, cells infected with papillomavirus which have structural changes like perinuclear halos and keratohyalin granules. Koilocytes can be absent in older lesions, but when present, are located in the upper stratum spinosum or granulosum. Parakeratosis may be present.
Seborrheic keratosis features marked hyperkeratosis, papillomatosis, and acanthosis. Pseudo-cysts and horn cysts are frequently present. There may be lymphocytic infiltrate and pigmentation as secondary features when irritated or inflamed.
The ichthyoses are a group of diseases caused by altered keratinization. The most common forms are ichthyosis vulgaris, X-linked, congenital, and epidermolytic hyperkeratosis.[7] They can be hereditary or acquired during life.[8][9] All of the forms show a defective epidermal barrier that induces hyperkeratosis, skin scaling, and inflammation.
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a neoplastic proliferation of atypical keratinocytes, restricted only to the epidermis (SCC in situ or Bowen's disease) or infiltrating the dermis (infiltrative SCC). Classic features are hyper-parakeratosis and loss of the granular layer.
Types of Hyperkeratosis
"Hyperkeratosis" is an umbrella term for skin conditions that develop from excess amounts of keratin. There are various types of hyperkeratosis, each marked by its cause.
Hereditary Types of Hyperkeratosis
Some types of hyperkeratosis develop due to a hereditary component. Examples include:
- Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis
- Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis (MMDH)
- Focal acral hyperkeratosis
- Lamellar ichthyosis
- X-linked ichthyosis (XLI)
- Keratosis pilaris, otherwise known as follicular hyperkeratosis
Acquired Hyperkeratosis
Other forms of hyperkeratosis are acquired later in life. It’s not always clear what the cause of each type is. Some acquired hyperkeratosis conditions include:
Acquired vs. Hereditary
Hereditary conditions are passed down through families. Often if a person is related by blood to someone with a genetic disorder, their risk of getting it is a lot higher. Acquired conditions, on the other hand, develop for many reasons unrelated to genetics.
Lokalizacje modzeli:
- palce stóp (okolica grzbietowa i podeszwowa oraz boczna)
- pięta
- przodostopie
- boczna krawędź stopy
ODCISK
BRODAWKA WIRUSOWA
Często występują u dzieci
Dr n.med. Danuta Nowicka ”Dermatologia. Ilustrowany podręcznik dla kosmetologów”, Wrocław 2014
Toxicokinetics
BCR-ABL inhibitors (mainly nilotinib and dasatinib) are commonly used for ontological target therapy, and the cutaneous side effects are only second to the hematologic sequelae. They are usually transitory and not severe. The most common dermatological side effect is a pruritic skin rash, while chronic dermatological side effects include psoriasis, lichenoid hyperkeratosis, pityriasis, and others.[14][15][16]
Multikinase-inhibitors (VEGF, PDGFR, EGFR, KIT, RET, Flt3, and RAF) affect the skin homeostasis and give rise to many different cutaneous manifestations, mainly with hyperkeratosis in the form of hyperkeratotic hand-foot skin reaction.[14] Hyperkeratosis occurs in the sites of friction or pressure, mainly soles, causing pain and limitation of the daily activities.[17][18]
