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Wyprysk z hiperkeratozą - Objawy, Diagnoza i Leczenie
Treatment / Management
Basic skincare measures are important to prevent excessive dryness and to encourage exfoliation. Those remedies include soaps with skin-specific pH, soap-free cleansers, and avoidance of hot baths. Emollients and topical keratolytic agents (lactic acid, salicylic acid, urea) should be advised to be applied over affected areas at the appropriate times.
Surgical procedures have limited relevance in the treatment of hyperkeratosis. In cases of untreatable plantar keratosis with significant daily limitation, skin grafts with rotation skin flap have been demonstrated effective.[25][26]
Corticosteroids are the treatment of choice for inflammation-driven diseases such as lichen planus or psoriasis. Topical application is the best choice for localized disease. Topical applications should last one to two weeks.
Immunosuppressant or immunomodulators (cyclosporin, hydroxychloroquine, mycophenolate mofetil, sulfasalazine, alefacept, efalizumab) can be used in severe recurrent cases.
Topical calcineurin inhibitors (tacrolimus or pimecrolimus) can also be used.
Retinoids, topical or oral-based, are used in disorders of keratinization such as ichthyoses, keratosis folliculitis, and psoriasis. Topical administration is variable and must be evaluated in the appropriate clinical context, treatment usually lasts 8 to 12 weeks.
Combination treatments with lasers (e.g., pulsed-dye laser, 755-nm alexandrite laser, 810-nm diode laser, 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser) and microdermabrasion are noninvasive techniques currently under approval for different hyperkeratotic diseases.
Jakie są przyczyny hiperkeratozy?
Przyczyny hiperkeratozy mogą mieć różnorodne podłoże. Należą do nich:
- tarcie i ucisk,
- problemy hormonalne,
- reumatyzm,
- cukrzyca,
- nadwaga,
- reakcje uczuleniowe,
- niedobory witamin,
- kontakt z silnymi środkami chemicznymi (np. detergentami),
- zbyt sucha skóra,
- dziedziczne choroby genetyczne, np. rybia łuska,
- łuszczyca,
- atopowe zapalenie skóry,
- podrażnienia mechaniczne,
- infekcje grzybicze i bakteryjne.
W przypadku hiperkeratozy na stopach do przyczyn zalicza się również:
- źle dobrane obuwie,
- zdeformowaną budowę stopy,
- konieczność stania przez długi czas,
- długie spacery i marsze,
- biegi długodystansowe,
- zbyt dużą potliwość stóp,
- brak odpowiedniej higieny stóp.
Treatment
Hyperkeratosis is, for the most part, highly manageable through various courses of treatment. The most effective treatment options for the varied types of hyperkeratosis include:
- Keratolytics are designed to break down the outer layer of thick skin.
- Moisturizers help combat dry and rough skin.
- Corticosteroids can reduce inflammation.
- Retinoids are designed to encourage a more regulated level of skin cell growth.
That said, each type will have its own treatments. They can include:
When to Call a Healthcare Provider
Make an appointment with your healthcare provider to discuss symptoms and treatment. Your provider will investigate your condition and advise you on which treatment will work best for you. In some cases, treatment is unnecessary.