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Neomycyna - Skuteczny Lek na Pryszcze?
Mechanism of Action
Neomycin's mechanism of action is very similar to most aminoglycosides, whereby it binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit, impeding bacterial protein synthesis. Although the initial stages required for peptide synthesis proceed without interruption, the subsequent elongation process is hindered due to the disruption of translational accuracy. Consequently, this disturbance in the bacteria's translation process contributes to the medication's bactericidal effects.[1][5]
The pathogenesis of hepatic coma frequently stems from underlying liver disease, resulting in elevated ammonia levels in the bloodstream. Ammonia can traverse the blood-brain barriers at high levels, thereby giving rise to numerous neurological manifestations associated with hepatic coma. Furthermore, ammonia within the brain instigates heightened levels of glutamine and lactate, contributing to neuronal edema.[6] Therefore, therapeutic approaches are focused on reducing ammonia levels through the attenuation of ammonia production or the enhancement of ammonia excretion.
Neomycin's bactericidal effects decrease ammonia-producing bacteria in the GI tract, thereby decreasing the ammonia burden on the patient.[2] Neomycin is often reserved for patients unable to tolerate rifaximin. Neomycin is less commonly utilized due to its more significant adverse effect profile associated with long-term use.[7] In addition, it is essential to recognize that using poorly absorbed antibiotics, such as rifaximin and neomycin, constitutes a second-line approach when compared to synthetic disaccharides, such as lactulose and lactitol. In clinical practice, a standard method involves combining these antibiotics with synthetic disaccharides.
Neomycin's limited absorption from the GI tract renders it a suitable option for perioperative bowel preparation, as it exerts its effects primarily within the intestinal area with minimal systemic circulation. Neomycin is frequently paired with erythromycin in a regimen administered one day before surgery. This combination diminishes the bacterial load within the colon, thereby mitigating the potential for surgical site infections. Metronidazole could be considered an alternative option due to its improved tolerability compared to erythromycin. These antibiotics are integral to a regimen involving mechanical bowel preparation and standard intravenous (IV) antibiotic prophylaxis.[3]
Jak używać aloesu na trądzik
Co robić: Wytnij liść aloesu i wyjmij łyżką przezroczystą, mięsistą część. Nałóż żel Aloe Vera na twarz, koncentrując się na dotkniętym obszarze. Zostaw to na noc. Spłucz rano i powtarzaj codziennie, aż zmiany się zagoją.
Jak wynika z badań in vitro, miód działa hamująco na Propionibacterium acnes i Staphylococcus aureus , bakterie wywołujące trądzik (5). Cynamon ma właściwości przeciwzapalne. Badanie z udziałem 20 pacjentów z łagodnym do umiarkowanego trądzikiem wykazało, że żel cynamonowy pomógł zmniejszyć trądzik (6).
Co robić: Wymieszaj dwie łyżki czystego żelu Aloe Vera z czterema łyżkami miodu i pół łyżeczki cynamonu w proszku lub oleju. Nałóż mieszaninę na dotknięty obszar i zmyj po 10 minutach. Powtarzaj to co drugi dzień.
Uwaga: Proszek cynamonowy może żądlić, więc ilość można dostosować do poziomu tolerancji skóry.
StatPearls [Internet].
Niel Veirup , Chris Kyriakopoulos .
Authors
Affiliations
1 Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine - Midwestern UniversityLast Update: November 12, 2023 .
Identify the appropriate indications for neomycin use, including hepatic coma and perioperative prophylaxis, considering patient-specific factors.
Differentiate between neomycin and other antibiotics by understanding its unique mechanism of action involving 30S ribosomal subunit binding, bactericidal effect on gram-negative bacteria, and low gastrointestinal absorption.
Assess the renal function of patients before and during neomycin therapy to monitor potential nephrotoxicity.
Communicate effectively with patients about the rationale for neomycin treatment, explaining the drug's potential risks and expected outcomes.
Neomycyna - zastosowanie. Na co działają maść, spray i krople?
Neomycyna to rodzaj antybiotyku, który stosowany jest do zwalczania bakterii wywołującymi m.in. zapalenie spojówek, problemy skórne, odparzenia, czy odmrożenia. Neomycyna jest dostępna w postaci maści, a także aerozolu i tabletek. Stosuje się ją miejscowo lub doustnie, jednak w tym ostatnim przypadku trzeba zachować czujność, ponieważ taki sposób podania może spowodować zaburzenia słuchu lub dysfunkcję nerek. Lek z tą substancją jest wydawany na receptę. Jakie są możliwe skutki uboczne przyjmowania neomycyny?
- Czym jest neomycyna?
- Jakie jest zastosowanie neomycyny?
- Dawkowanie neomycyny
- Przeciwwskazania do stosowania neomycyny
- Skutki uboczne neomycyny
- Leki i preparaty zawierające neomycynę
Side effects [ edit ]
In 2005–06, Neomycin was the fifth-most-prevalent allergen in patch test results (10.0%). [10] It is also a known GABA gamma-Aminobutyric acid antagonist and can be responsible for seizures and psychosis. [11] Like other aminoglycosides, neomycin has been shown to be ototoxic, causing tinnitus, hearing loss, and vestibular problems in a small number of patients. Neomycin affects the cochlea, which is found in the inner ear. [12] Hearing loss is caused by ear hair cell death, which occurs in response to treatment with neomycin. [13] Patients with existing tinnitus or sensorineural hearing loss are advised to speak with a healthcare practitioner about the risks and side effects prior to taking this medication. [ citation needed ]
Activity [ edit ]
Neomycin's antibacterial activity stems from its binding to the 30S subunit of the prokaryotic ribosome, where it inhibits prokaryotic translation of mRNA. [14]
Neomycin also exhibits a high binding affinity for phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), a phospholipid component of cell membranes. [15]
Resistance [ edit ]
Neomycin resistance is conferred by either one of two kanamycin kinase genes. [16] Genes conferring neomycin-resistance are commonly included in DNA plasmids used to establish stable mammalian cell lines expressing cloned proteins in culture. Many commercially available protein expression plasmids contain a neo-resistance gene as a selectable marker. Currently, research is being performed to understand if derivatives of neomycin have the same antibiotic effects while still being effective against neomycin-resistant bacteria. [17]